Google DeepMind

Google DeepMind is Google's central AI research laboratory, formed in April 2023 by merging the original DeepMind lab (founded 2010) with Google Brain. Led by CEO and co-founder Demis Hassabis, the lab is responsible for some of the most significant breakthroughs in AI history - from game-playing agents to protein structure prediction to frontier language models.

Founding & History:

• 2010: DeepMind founded in London by Demis Hassabis, Shane Legg, and Mustafa Suleyman
• 2014: Acquired by Google for approximately $500 million
• 2023: Merged with Google Brain to form Google DeepMind, unifying Google's AI research under one organization

Landmark Achievements:

• AlphaGo (2016): Defeated Go world champion Lee Sedol 4–1, a milestone previously thought decades away. The more general AlphaZero later mastered Go, chess, and shogi through pure self-play
• AlphaFold (2018–2024): Solved the 50-year-old protein folding problem. AlphaFold2 predicted structures for nearly all known proteins (~200 million). AlphaFold3 (2024) extended to protein-DNA, protein-RNA, and small molecule interactions
• Nobel Prize (2024): Demis Hassabis and John Jumper received the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for AlphaFold2's contribution to protein structure prediction
• WaveNet (2016): Revolutionary text-to-speech model, later integrated into Google Assistant
• AlphaStar (2019): Achieved Grandmaster level in StarCraft II
• AlphaGeometry (2024): Solved International Mathematical Olympiad geometry problems at near gold-medal level
• AlphaEvolve / AlphaDev / AlphaTensor: AI systems for algorithm discovery, sorting optimization, and matrix multiplication

Gemini Model Family:

• Gemini 1.0 (Dec 2023): Google's first natively multimodal LLM, available in Ultra, Pro, and Nano sizes
• Gemini 1.5 (Feb 2024): Introduced 1M token context window (later extended to 2M), breakthrough long-context capabilities
• Gemini 2.0 (Dec 2024): Added agentic capabilities, native tool use, and enhanced reasoning
• Gemini 2.5 Pro/Flash (2025): Hybrid thinking models with state-of-the-art coding and reasoning benchmarks
• Gemini 3 Pro (Nov 2025): Described as Google's most intelligent model at launch
• Gemini 3 Flash (Dec 2025): Speed-optimized variant, became default in the Gemini app
• Gemini 3.1 Pro (Feb 2026): Achieved ARC-AGI-2 score of 77.1%, more than double Gemini 3 Pro
• Gemini Deep Think: Research model achieving 90% on IMO-ProofBench Advanced, accelerating mathematical and scientific discovery

Other Products & Partnerships:

• Gemini available across Google Search, Gemini app, Google AI Studio, Vertex AI, and Android
• Apple partnership (Jan 2026): Apple partnered with Google to use Gemini as the foundation for next-generation Apple Foundation models for Siri
• Google DeepMind holds approximately 18% market share in AI as of 2026

Leadership: Demis Hassabis (CEO, Nobel Laureate), Jeff Dean (Chief Scientist), Koray Kavukcuoglu (VP Research). Mustafa Suleyman, original co-founder, departed to found Inflection AI and later joined Microsoft as CEO of Microsoft AI.